Dante and Dracula - 2595 Words

The Count’s actions throughout the novel Dracula, would have placed him in the second level of Hell in Dante’s Inferno, lust. Jonathan had just entered the chapel in Castle Dracula for the second time. He then began to search for the Count’s body among the coffins. He found the Count in the same coffin as before, and he removed the lid. He found the Count lying there, with his mouth covered in blood. The Count looked as if his youthfulness has been partially restored. Then I stopped to look at the Count. There was a mocking smile on the bloated face which seemed to drive me mad. This was the being I was helping transfer to London, where, perhaps, for centuries to come he might, amongst its teeming millions, satiate his lust for blood, and†¦show more content†¦Level five of Hell is for the wrathful and sullen, and this is where Renfield would have been placed if he was in Dante’s book. On September third Renfield had another outburst, but on the fourth had been in a state of melancholy until recently. He had started screaming again, and he was scaring the other patients, so Seward went to check it out. Indeed, I can quite understand the effect, for the sounds disturbed even me, though I was some distance away. It was now after the dinner-hour of the asylum, and as yet my patient sits in the corner brooding, with a dull, sullen, woe-begone look in his face, which seems rather to indicate than to show something directly. I cannot quite understand it (108). Renfield was being sullen and was sitting in the corner pouting when Seaward entered the room. He does this multiple times throughout the novel. Every time that he does not get what he wants he pouts, and because of this he would have been placed in Dantes fifth level of hell. His punishment would have been being sunk to the bottom of the River of Styx for eternity. Renfields punishment in circle five was dreadful, but it was not as grave as the gypsies punishment for being heretics. Level six of Dante is for the heretics, and this is where the gypsies from the novel Dracula would have been placed for their actions throughout the book. The gypsies in Transylvania areShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Wuthering Heights And Dracula 1417 Words   |  6 PagesThe Thrilling Expedition to the Art of Gothic Novel in particular and literature in general is more than just a work of fiction but in fact the hidden reflection of a specific historical era. Although, Frankenstein, Wuthering Heights and Dracula were written in different times and each leaves its readers with different emotion and contemplation stages, they all share an affinity: the presence of Gothic elements. Indeed, these novels are designed to lead their reader into thrilling journeys throughRead MoreHomosexuality in Victorian and Elizabethan Literature.6608 Words   |  27 Pageshomosexuality and used those feelings as a basis for their novels. Bram Stoker told a story about a vampire that challenged the Victorian gender roles and managed to reverse them, making men faint like women, and making women powerful like men, and called it Dracula. Mary Shelley created a a physical being out of a mans suppressed homosexuality due to his Victorian male upbringing; a man named Frankenstein. Robert Stevenson described what happens when a homosexual male attempts to live double lives to coverRead MoreComparing William Shelley s Frankenstein Essay1421 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Bible to the more recent The Conjuring, the horror genre has been around for a long time. Used in antiquity as a way to keep people from straying from their faith, the church embedded the thought of Satan into the minds of believers. In 1307, Dante released The Divine Comedy’s first volume Inferno and the popularity of the genre took off. The demon was illustrated and described in such a way that we still portray them as creatures with horns, ready for us to break from God due to sinful waysRead MoreCrusade to Exterminate Vampires in Draculas Inferno by Bram Stoker2232 Words   |  9 Pageswere doin, and death be all that we can rightly depend on† (73). Dracula, written by Bram Stoker, involves a small crusade to exterminate the threat of vampires, along with Dracula, the master. Throughout the book, Dracula is a cause fo r many of the problems, as his sins spread and cause other sins. The sins that are the foundation for the levels of Hell are represented through the negative actions of the characters in Dracula. Dracula represents the sin of Lust early in the novel. Jonathan HarkerRead MoreEssay on Film Genre2313 Words   |  10 Pagesdocument shared genre conventions in terms of horror will be discussed. The horror genre has become much more popular nowadays than ever before. ‘If its beginnings were rooted in literature – Mary Shelley’s â€Å"Frankenstein† (1818) and Bram Stoker’s â€Å"Dracula† (1897) are the titles that seem to spring to everyone’s mind – we also know that stories have always been told about ghosts, monsters, witches and the dark.’ There are a lot of reasons why this genre is so popular today. However, it is still reallyRead MoreThe Vampire Lestat and the Problem of Eternal Damnation Essay3601 Words   |  15 Pagesis the worse scenario; Lestat damning himself for all eternity or the fact he is taking so many mortals with him. Lestats Spiritual Journey It would be sensible to concentrate on the vampire chronicle Memnoch the Devil. As it encompasses a Dante-esque journey through Heaven and Hell, his own belief system is turned upside-down by what he is told and shown. As we know, Lestat does not believe in God and the Devil, yet his own arrogant curiosity leads him on his own version of the Divine Comedy

The Hazards Of Nursing Caring - 1793 Words

The Hazards of Nursing: Caring in an Environment of Chemicals Stephanie M. Hauge Analena M. Valdes, MSN, RN, A-SANE NURS 328: Nursing Role Transition November 16, 2016 The Hazards of Nursing: Caring in an Environment of Chemicals The purpose of this paper is to introduce the reader to the chemical exposure nurses may face throughout their career. Nurses are often referred to as â€Å"angels of mercy†; sadly this comes at a price. Throughout their career nurses are faced with dangers unknown to them and sometimes out of their control. This is due to the various chemicals that they are exposed to at work through contact with the public, coworkers, cleaning products used to keep their workplaces clean and free of infectious organisms, pharmaceuticals and supplies. This paper will cover only a few of the chemicals that nurses may be exposed to, but in no way limits the dangers of other chemicals not discussed in this paper. Dangers of Fragrance Each work environment is different, but chemical exposure is a universal concern for all nurses. Due to weak Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations, regarding chemicals, new chemicals can come on the scene unknowingly and without warning into a nurses’ work environment. One of the most common concerns of chemical exposure in a nurse’s work environment is â€Å"fragrance†. â€Å"Fragrance† is a common ingredient in beauty, health, and cleaning products. â€Å"Fragrance† is unregulated by the FDA and protected by law because of whatShow MoreRelatedFamily Diagnoses1421 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Nursing Diagnoses According to the American Nurses Association (ANA) and the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA), the use of nursing diagnoses is to assists the nurse in assessments and treatments of nursing problems. It provides an outline for the nursing model, and gives nurses a reference. The nursing diagnosis provides a clear focus for the development of health goals and nursing interventions. Nursing diagnoses and interventions focuses on individual patient crises,Read MoreProfessional Values Of Nursing Practice1653 Words   |  7 PagesIn this assignment, I intend to discuss professional values in nursing practice in relation to nurse – patient relationships and my role as a student nurse. I will look at compassion in relation to professional nursing practices and discuss how I promoted professional nursing values during my caring experience in my workplacement. Out of the different professional values in nursing practice, I have decided to select compassion for the pur pose of this assignment. First, the meaning and essence ofRead MoreNursing Metaparadigm1146 Words   |  5 PagesNursing Meta-Paradigms Nursing Meta-paradigm Tenets of the Meta-paradigms as defined by different theorists Nightingale describes nursing from an ecological perspective, saying that a nurse will put a patient in a way that nature acts best upon them. This is by manipulating the environment to achieve a state of health as the health of a person directly depends on the environment. Roy defines a person as being an adaptive system who keeps changing according to the external and internal systemRead MoreHow Does Patient Safety Affect Nursing Ethics?1591 Words   |  7 Pages How Does Patient Safety affect Nursing Ethics? What is ethical may not always be right, and what is right may not always be ethical. Patient Safety and Nursing Ethics are Closely related. There are many ways that patient safety may be affected by nursing code of ethics and accountability plays a major role. To me ethics are what a person believes is right or wrong. The Joint Commission s national safety goals for 2016 address great concerns within nursing. These goals include identifying patientsRead MoreConcepts Of Health And Nursing1294 Words   |  6 Pages Compassion in Nursing NU 315 Concepts of Health Nursing Shelly Howell Compassion, or caring can be viewed as â€Å"nursing’s most precious asset† (Schantz, 2007), a fundamental element of nursing care (Dietze and Orb, 2000), and as one of the strengths of the profession. According to Torjuul et al (2007), it involves being close to patients and seeing their situation as more than a medical scenario and routine procedures. Compassion is to feel passion withRead MoreQuestions On Foundations Of Nursing1298 Words   |  6 PagesHNB1102 Foundations of Nursing Name: Annie Ly ID: 3900965 Word Count: Lecturer: Sujashan The â€Å"No Lift† approach is advocated by Worksafe Victoria as best practice for patient manual handling in the healthcare industry. Identify two (2) control measures that fit under this â€Å"No Lift† approach and discuss how they reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injuries faced by nurses within Australia health care settings. Nurses today, are currently facingRead More Comparison Certified Nursing Assistants versus Licensed Practical Nurses566 Words   |  3 Pagesavailable. Second, this is a very rewarding career for those who enjoy caring for others. Although, most people think there are a lot of differences between certified nursing assistants and licensed practical nurses, they share the same type of work, working conditions and job outlook. The nature of the work is very similar for the C.N.A. and L.P.N. A C.N.A. work includes performing routine tasks under the supervision of nursing staff. They answer call bells, deliver messages, serve meals, make bedsRead MoreNotes On Paper On Nursing1615 Words   |  7 PagesNotes on Nursing Halie Cartner, Shanitra McNealy, Ashlee Homer, Sharee Walker Queens University of Charlotte Notes on Nursing Florence Nightingale was the founder of modern nursing (Smith Parker, 2015). She was born in Italy, France and spent majority of her childhood years traveling the European countries with her family. Nightingales was open-minded, generous, and valued the life of others (Smith Parker, 2015). She was a woman of strong faith who studied a variety of religionsRead MoreNursing Theorists1685 Words   |  7 PagesNursing Theorists 1. Florence Nightingale - Environment theory 2. Hildegard Peplau - Interpersonal theory 3. Virginia Henderson - Need Theory 4. Fay Abdella - Twenty One Nursing Problems 5. Ida Jean Orlando - Nursing Process theory 6. Dorothy Johnson - System model 7. Martha Rogers -Unitary Human beings 8. Dorothea Orem - Self-care theory 9. Imogene King - Goal Attainment theory 10. Betty Neuman - System model 11. Sister Calista Roy - AdaptationRead MoreOrem s Self Care Model937 Words   |  4 Pagesby Orem as â€Å"the practice of activities that individuals initiate and perform on their own behalf to maintain life, health, and well-being† (Catalano, 2015, p. 58). Since individuals function at varying levels, Orem has identified three levels of nursing care: wholly compensated care, partially compensated care, and supportive developmental care. This theories goal is to help each individual reach his or her maximum level of function and to take responsibility for his or her health (Catalano, 2015)

Faust Monologue Essay Example For Students

Faust Monologue Essay A monologue from the play by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe NOTE: This monologue is reprinted from Faust. Trans. Bayard Taylor. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1898. MEPHISTOPHELES: Poor son of Earth, how couldst thou thus alone Have led thy life, bereft of me? I, for a time, at least, have worked thy cure; Thy fancys rickets plague thee not at all: Had I not been, so hadst thou, sure, Walked thyself off this earthly ball. Why here to caverns, rocky hollows slinking, Sitst thou, as twere an owl a-blinking? Why suckst, from sodden moss and dripping stone, Toad-like, thy nourishment alone? A fine way, this, thy time to fill! A blessing drawn from supernatural fountains! In night and dew to lie upon the mountains; All Heaven and Earth in rapture penetrating; Thyself to Godhood haughtily inflating; To grub with yearning force through Earths dark marrow, Compress the six days work within thy bosom narrow, To taste, I know not what, in haughty power, Thine own ecstatic life on all things shower, Thine earthly self behind thee cast, And then the lofty instinct, thus at last, I darent say how to pluck the final flower! Yes, thou findest that unpleasant! Thou hast the moral right to cry me shame! at present. One dares not that before chaste ears declare, Which chaste hearts, notwithstanding, cannot spare; And, once for all, I grudge thee not the pleasure Of lying to thyself in moderate measure. But such a course thou wilt not long endure; Already art thou oer-excited, And, if it last, wilt soon be plighted To madness and to horror, sure. Enough of that! Thy love sits lonely yonder, By all things saddened and oppressed; Her thoughts and yearning seek thee, tenderer, fonder, A mighty love is in her breast. First came thy passions flood and poured around her As when from melted snow a streamlet overflows; Thou hast therewith so filled and drowned her, That now thy stream all shallow shows. Methinks, instead of in the forests lording, The noble Sir should find it good, The love of this young silly blood At once to set about rewarding. Her time is miserably long; She haunts her window, watching clouds that stray Oer the old city-wall, and far away. Were I a little bird! so runs her song, Day long, and half night long. Now she is lively, mostly sad, Now, wept beyond her tears; Then again quiet she appears, Always love-mad! Thou fool, go in and comfort her! When such a head as thine no outlet knows, It thinks the end must soon occur. Hail him, who keeps a steadfast mind! Thou, else, dost well the devil-nature wear: Naught so insipid in the world I find As is a devil in despair.

WordPress Comments 3 Tips for Managing Them Better

The WordPress comments section is a place to engage with your audience and let them interact with one another. This can improve the overall quality of your site, and make it a go-to place for industry-related discussion. However, one thing that many blog owners don’t seem to have a handle on is proper comments section management.By managing your blogs comments, you ensure the conversation stays on topic. It can also promote a friendlier and more interactive place for your readers to share their thoughts and insights. Fortunately, there are plenty of techniques you can employ to make sure your WordPress comments section is a consistent hit with visitors.In this guide, we’ll offer some practical advice for staying on top of your comments section. Before this though, lets discuss why comments are such an important consideration! WordPress comments are essentially the way readers interact with one another, as well as ask questions on the article theyre reading, and network with industry readers and experts. As such, it’s a diverse area that needs to be nurtured.As the blog owner and/or post writer, it’s your job to keep the comments section up to par. This will have many benefits for your website:You ensure each comment (and therefore the conversation) is engaging and appropriate.It makes your blog appear active and, more importantly, it shows you’re an active participant in the content you produce.You can protect your readers from spam or malicious links.You can reap these benefits, and many more, by implementing various management tactics across your WordPress site. Lets discuss a few of them now!Three tips for effectively managing your WordPress comments sectionThe three tips well introduce arent in any particular order. However, we do recommend implementing all three eventually if you currently dont.1. Respond to reader comments promptly to prevent inactivityThe comments section is a great place for readers to interact and ask questions. While you may want these interactions to mainly occur between readers, it’s also a good idea to respond promptly to comments to prevent inactivity and keep the conversation going.A buildup of unanswered comments can make it seem as if your blog is inactive, which can reduce the number of readers who comment on and share your posts. If you don’t have the time to respond to continuous comments, you can always disable them on existing posts. This will help you to get caught up and will prevent further buildup.There are two ways to disable comments on existing posts – individually, and in bulk. To disable comments on individual blog posts, navigate to Posts All Posts on the WordPress dashboard and click Edit under your chosen post:Scroll to the bottom of the Edit page and, under Discussion, uncheck the box next to Allow comments. Then Update the post and you’re all set.Alternatively, you can disable comments for existing posts in bulk. Weve actua lly talked about how to do this in a previous post, and we encourage you to check that out for the step-by-step guide.For even better results, you should respond to the most popular comments first. By using a WordPress comments plugin, such as Comments Like Dislike, you can learn which comments are the most popular among your audience. By responding to these first, you’re likely to see more interaction among readers. Comments Like Dislike Author(s): WP Happy CodersCurrent Version: 1.0.8Last Updated: August 10, 2019comments-like-dislike.1.0.8.zip 96%Ratings 29,958Downloads WP 4.5+Requires 2. Hold comments for moderation to prevent spamUnfortunately, comment spam is rampant across the internet.If not handled promptly, comment spam will decrease the number of actual readers who comment on your posts or share them with their networks. It can also negatively impact your rankings in Google due to the high number of links or otherwise ‘spammy’ content.It’ s easy to hold comments for moderation on WordPress. One way to do so is by setting moderation keys to limit the number of comments that are sent through to moderation (saving you time).Go to Settings Discussion and scroll down to Comment Moderation. Here, you can set how many links in one comment will trigger moderation, as well as which words to moderate:You can also manually enable Comment Moderation on the WordPress dashboard. Just navigate to Settings Discussion Comment Moderation on the dashboard and check the box next to Comment must be manually approved.3. Enable and disable key features for improved interactionAs the website’s owner and moderator, you have access to a number of key features that make personalizing your comment section simple. These include how comments appear to readers, whether readers can get notifications for replies, and more.When you personalize your blog’s comments’ section, you can use it to improve the way your readers intera ct and communicate. This is great for maintaining an active section on each of your blog posts.To enable and disable these features on your website, go to Settings Discussion  within your WordPress Dashboard. Here, you can require the comment author to provide their first name and email, require users to register or login prior to commenting, and much more:If you find yourself wishing you had more functionality, you can also find dedicated WordPress comments plugins that can add a range of new features.ConclusionAs a blog owner, you should provide an engaging environment in which your audience can interact. After all, the comments section is where readers can share their thoughts and insights, as well as ask burning questions about your content. This is why it’s important to manage your WordPress comments effectively.In this guide, we’ve introduced the practice of comments management and why it’s important. We’ve also outlined a few tips to get you sta rted. These include:Responding to reader comments promptly to prevent inactivity.Holding comments for moderation to prevent spam.Enabling and disabling key features for improved interaction. Learn how to #create a better, more #engaging #WordPress comments section with these #tips Click To Tweet Do you have any questions about effectively managing the WordPress comments section? Let us know in the comments section below!Free guide5 Essential Tips to Speed Up Your WordPress SiteReduce your loading time by even 50-80% just by following simple tips.

Parentheses

Parentheses Parentheses Parentheses By Mark Nichol Parentheses serve several specific functions, but their general purpose is to set a grammatical unit of content off from the surrounding text. The parenthesized material can range from a single letter, numeral, or other symbol to an entire sentence. (Because enclosing more than one complete sentence in parentheses overextends the digression, it is not recommended.) Here is a summary of ways to deploy parentheses. First, a definition of terms: Parenthesis denotes a single parenthetical mark, but it can also refer to a digression, interlude, or interval enclosed in parentheses or other pairs of punctuation marks, such as commas, dashes, or brackets. The first of two parenthetical marks is an open parenthesis, and the second is a close parenthesis. The pair together are called parentheses. A parenthesis of an entire sentence can be inserted within another sentence, but omit a period after the parenthesized sentence (However, an exclamation point or question mark is acceptable!) to avoid confusion. (A complete sentence may also follow the terminal punctuation of the preceding sentence; in that case, include a period- or another terminal punctuation mark- immediately before the close parenthesis.) An incomplete sentence within parentheses is not punctuated with a period, but, again, an exclamation point or question mark is allowed. When providing an explanation or an example, the additional information can be enclosed in parentheses. Note in the following sentence how a parenthesis of a parenthesis should be formatted. (The abbreviations e.g. [â€Å"for example†] and i.e. [that is†] generally precede such information in formal and scholarly prose; in more casual contexts, the phrases are employed.) This is general American English style; British English style (and legal style and style for some other contexts) is parentheses within parentheses. Parentheses enclose the abbreviation of an acronym or initialism after the spelled-out name of an agency, company, or organization to inform the reader about how the entity will be identified on subsequent references: â€Å"The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was founded in 1909.† (Note that the article the is not repeated in the parenthesis, but it should precede the initialism when it appears again.) Parentheses are used to enclose a note when a reader is directed to a cross-reference or when a writer glosses (presents a brief definition of) a term, provides a citation for a quotation or a fact or figure, points out that he or she has used italics to emphasize part of a quoted passage, or otherwise annotates a quotation. Note that the location of the parenthesis in the following sentence is awkward: â€Å"Consider whether a ‘risk expert’ should serve on the committee (i.e., someone with a background in risk management or oversight relevant to the nature of the organization’s operations).† Parenthesized annotation, just like additional information enclosed in a pair of commas or dashes, should immediately follow the relevant word or phrase, as here: â€Å"Consider whether a ‘risk expert’ (i.e., someone with a background in risk management or oversight relevant to the nature of the organization’s operations) should serve on the committee.† Back-to-back parenthesis is acceptable, but this can be avoided by combining two pieces of information into one parenthesis divided by a semicolon or by reorganizing the framing text to separate the two parenthetical comments. When the items in a run-in list (a list appearing within a sentence rather than formatted vertically) are numbered, they should be enclosed in a pair of parentheses (not with a close parenthesis only)- as in â€Å"The three types of rocks are (1) igneous, (2) metamorphic, and (3) sedimentary†- but numbering is seldom necessary. Use parentheses in moderation; excessive deployment of the symbols can give text a cluttered appearance (note their ubiquity in this post) and result in an obstacle-ridden narrative flow. Often, a pair of commas will suffice in their place, and dashes are appropriate when abruptly interjecting additional information, especially when the writer wants to give an impression of sudden interruption rather than unassuming interpolation. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:15 Terms for Those Who Tell the FutureBroadcast vs Broadcasted as Past FormEpidemic vs. Pandemic vs. Endemic

How to Find the Pisces Constellation in the Night Sky

How to Find the Pisces Constellation in the Night Sky The Pisces constellation can be seen from nearly all points on Earth. Pisces has a storied history and is one of the constellations of the Zodiac, a set of star patterns that lies along the apparent path of the Sun against the sky throughout the year. The name Pisces comes from the Latin plural for fish. Pisces used to be referred to as the first constellation of the zodiac. This is because the Sun appears against the backdrop of Pisces during the northern hemispheres spring equinox, which was previously considered the start of a new year. Finding Pisces The constellation Pisces is easiest to see in October and November, or on late evenings in September. Because its stars are relatively dim, Pisces is most visible in a dark country sky. Pisces is very close to Pegasus in the sky. Its one of three northern hemisphere autumn constellations that are easy to spot. Carolyn Collins Petersen The constellation Pisces is part of a larger grouping of Pegasus, Andromeda, Aries, and Triangulum. It is also near Aquarius. The stars that make up Pisces have a rough V-shape. The eastern fish has a small triangular head and the western fish has a small circlet for a head. It is located right next to the Great Square of Pegasus in the northern hemisphere sky, and the heads of the fishes are either to the west or southeast of the Square. The Story of Pisces Ancient Babylonians saw the constellation Pisces as two separate objects: the Great Swallow (a bird) and the Lady of Heaven. Later, the Greeks and Romans saw a goddess of love and fertility- for the Greeks, it was Aphrodite, while for the Romans, it was Venus. Chinese astronomers saw this region of the sky as a farmers fence that kept animals from escaping. Today, most stargazers think of Pisces as two fish in the sky. The Stars of Pisces Pisces is not one of the brightest constellations in the sky, but it is large. It does have several brighter stars, including ÃŽ ± Piscium- also known as Alrescha (Arabic for the cord). Alrescha, which lies about 140 light-years away from us, is at the deepest point of the V shape.   The IAU constellation designation for Pisces includes the main pattern plus numerous other stars. IAU/Sky Telescope   The second-brightest star is ÃŽ ² Piscium, with the lengthy informal name of Fumalsamakah (which means mouth of the fish in Arabic). Its much farther away from us, at a distance of just under 500 light-years. There are about 20 brighter stars within Pisces fish pattern, and numerous others in the official region designated by the IAU as Pisces on its charts.   Deep Sky Objects in Pisces The constellation Pisces doesnt have a lot of very obvious deep-sky objects, but the best one for stargazers to spot is a galaxy called M74 (from Charles Messiers list of faint fuzzy objects). M74 is spiral galaxy, similar in shape to the Milky Way (although its arms are not so tightly wound up as those in our home galaxy). It lies about 30 million light-years away from us. Professional astronomers continually study M74 because its face on from our point of view here on Earth. This positioning allows astronomers to study the star-forming regions in the spiral arms, and search out variable stars, supernovae, and other objects among the 100 billion stars that make up the galaxy. Astronomers use instruments like the Spitzer Space Telescope to study the galaxy for regions of star birth, as it is a prodigious star-formation galaxy. They are also intrigued by the possibility of a black hole at the heart of M74.   Here is the galaxy M 74 as seen through the infrared-sensitive instruments onboard the Spitzer Space Telescope. The view shows areas of starbirth in the spiral arms. NASA/CalTech/Spitzer Although its not in Pisces, the Triangulum galaxy (known as M33) is right next to the head of the western fish. Its a spiral galaxy that is actually part of the Local Group of galaxies that includes the Milky Way. A view of the Triangulum Galaxy (M 33) near Pisces. This was taken with amateur equipment. Kanwar Singh, Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike 4.0.   Andromeda is the largest member of the group, the Milky Way is second-largest, and M33 is third-largest. Interestingly, astronomers have observed that Andromeda and M33 are linked together by streams of gas, which means that the two have had a tango in the past and will likely interact again in the distant future.

The united States Constitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

The united States Constitution - Essay Example Following this amendment, bribery, false registration, false returns of votes and interference of voting processes were made illegal. The amendment also provided for the appointment of judges who would be present at the poling registration places. Their role would be to challenge a person who unlawfully registers or votes. The legislation to protect the right to vote in all elections whether state, federal or local has since been enacted (â€Å"CRS Annotated Constitution,† cornell.edu). In 1907, the congress passed a law referred to as the Tillman Act. This enactment prohibited the national banks from making any contributions towards federal elections. Another act that was put in place was the 1910 corrupt practice act; it was later replaced in 1925. These laws regulated contributions towards elections and other expenditures towards federal elections. Section 2, clause 1 of the legislation act vests the responsibility of the congress towards the establishment of voter qualification for the purpose of congress elections. Despite this, the Supreme Court held that the right for the members of the congress to vote is adopted from federal constitution. The court further expounded that the congress has the right to protect the suffrage against official and private abridgment (â€Å"CRS Annotated Constitution,† cornell.edu). The congress is mandated to provide protection to the right of an individual, in a case where a primary election is fundamental to the procedure of choice. The freedom from violence and intimidation is secured, but the bribery made to the voters, even though within the limit of the congressional power is taken not to be an interference of the rights provided by this section of the constitution. Under this clause, the congress may claim the statutes; it has the ability to punish election officials for violation of election

Concert Report Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Concert Report - Personal Statement Example Throughout this movement, imitative polyphony was the predominant texture as the melody created in the woodwinds was echoed by various other instruments especially the periodic feedbacks of the electric guitar played like a raw rock star by Kirk Hammet. The two songs played by the band were Nothing Else Matters and the most famous of their all, Master of Puppets. Through the experience of hearing these two very different works, I was able to comprehend the talents of the musicians. The very first performance by the one of the most famous band rouse a feeling of eagerness in the audience to listen more of their songs in the Apollo, but they left with striking sounds. (Wikipedia. /Metallica) The night could not have been made more rocking and entertaining once the heart throb of millions and my personal favorite of all female singers Madonna came to festoon the night. Smoke machines, lasers and all kinds of components which contribute collectively in producing a psychedelic show. She started her reign on stage with her all time favorite track Ray of Light followed by Hard Candy, Me against the Music and Miles Away. This portion was characterized by its dark and somber tone. The absence of the drums heard earlier left a weak beat and a suppressed meter. (Wikipedia. Madoona)

Analytical Psychology of Carl Jung Essay Example for Free

Analytical Psychology of Carl Jung Essay Psychological Therapeutic System, more commonly known as, Analytical Psychology, was developed and founded by a Swiss psychiatrist, Carl Gustav Jung. Carl’s family was very involved with the Christian faith, when Carl had his â€Å"initiation† he didn’t have any moving feelings and that was said to be a main reason to why he chose to go on with his later work, he was trying to replace the faith that was missing from his life (Mitchell). Jung and Freud met up and began a six year long journey of research and work together until they split right before World War I in May 1914. Jung soon started his own research which became Analytical Psychology in response to Freud’s psychoanalysis. (Mitchell). â€Å"Jung taught that the psyche consists of various systems including the personal unconscious with its complexes and a collective unconscious with its archetypes,† (PsychoHeresy Awareness Ministries). Analytic psychology is the analysis of the human mind, psyche and the unconscious, as well as the conscious components of the mind. It is thought that mans behavior and his conscious states can be explained only by unconscious sources of what motivates him. Jung believed that the mind could be divided into unconscious and conscious parts. The unconscious mind was made up of layers; the personal unconscious is the part of the unconscious mind where each persons unique own experiences and that may not be consciously remembered are stored. Jung believed that the contents of each persons personal unconscious are organized in terms of complexes, clusters of emotional unconscious thoughts. One may have a complex towards their mother or towards their partner. Jung referred to the second layer of unconsciousness as the collective unconscious. This level contains memories and behavioral predispositions that all people have inherited from common ancestors in the distant human past, providing us with essentially shared memories and tendencies. People across space and time tend to interpret and use experience in similar ways because of archetypes, inherited human tendencies to perceive and act in certain ways. During Analytic Therapy, Jung may use certain archetypes to explain a person’s unconscious thought that even affect their behavior. Jung believed that there are certain archetypes that are important in peoples lives. These archetypes are as follows. The persona archetype is the part of our personality that we show the world, the part that we are willing to share with others. The shadow archetype is the darker part of a person, the part that embraces what we view as frightening, hateful and even evil about ourselves the part of us that we hide not only from others but also from ourselves. The anima is the feminine side of a males personality, which shows tenderness, caring, compassion and warmth to others, yet which is more irrational and based on emotions. The animus is the masculine side of a womans personality, the more rational and logical side of the woman. Jung posited that men often try to hide their anima both from others and from themselves because it goes against their idealized image of what men should be. According to Jung, these archetypes play a role in our interpersonal relationships. For example, the relationship between a man and a woman calls into play the archetypes in each individuals collective unconscious. The anima helps the man to understand his female companion, just as the animus helps the woman to understand her male partners (PsychologyCampus. com, 2004). Jung distinguishes two differing attitudes to life, two ways of reacting to circumstances, which he finds so widespread that he could describe them as typical. The extraverted attitude, characterized by an outward personality, an interest in events, in people and things, a relationship with them, and a dependence on them. This type is motivated by outside factors and greatly influenced by the environment. The extraverted type is sociable and confident in unfamiliar surroundings. The introverted attitude, in contrast, is one of withdrawal of the personality and is concentrated upon personal factors, and their main influence is inner needs. When this attitude is habitual Jung speaks of an introverted type. This type lacks confidence in relation to people and things, tends to be unsociable, and prefers reflection to activity. This approach is especially helpful to clients that can remember their dreams and are either interested or troubled in them. They are often asked to keep a journal of their dreams and other impressions that they feel. When working with analytical psychology clients are expected to be as open, spontaneous, and self-observant as they can. Jungians will generally not use any formal assessment procedures while in therapy, and are not likely to diagnose problems. They take dreams very seriously and consider them central to establishing dialect between consciousness and unconsciousness. In a clinical setting, the helper will listen carefully to the client’s dreams and thoughts and intervene and identify important aspects that are noticed (Sommers-Flanagan, 2004). References Mitchell, G. (n. d. ). Carl jung jungian analytical psychology. Retrieved from http://www. trans4mind. com/mind-development/jung. html PsychoHeresy Awareness Ministries, Initials. (n. d. ). Psychoheresy: c. g. jungs legacy to the church. Retrieved from http://www. psychoheresy-aware. org/jungleg. html PsychologyCampus. com, Initials. (2004). Analytical psychology. Retrieved from http://www. psychologycampus. com/analytical-psychology. html Sommers-Flanagan, J R. (2004). Counseling and psychotherapy theories in context and practice. Retrieved from http://books. google. ca/books? id=BpzrBuSe0ikCpg=PA128lpg=PA128dq=case+example+analytical+psychologysource=blots=ANhhYx5RISsig=NdjE_dCewzWNnrxc3dL0sB28ZUohl=enei=VNG0TITqJYGCsQPzkKjsCAsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=5ved=0CCUQ6AEwBA#v=onepageqf=falseÃ'Ž

Huck Finn Racism Essay -- essays research papers

"To Be or not To Be" In extreme cases the book, Huckleberry Finn, has been banned from some schools because of the depiction of racial tension towards Jim, the black slave, in Huckleberry Finn. This story takes place at a time where slavery was considered moral. Blacks were considered inferior to whites, but Huckleberry challenges the notion that he was raised upon. Through Huckleberry’s adventures Twain expresses his challenge towards civilization’s rules and moral code. One must read between the lines and reach for the meaning in Mark Twain’s subtle literature dialog. If one were to do this that one would realize that it is not racist, but anti-slavery. For someone to think that Twain considering the era was racist would ludicrous. Considering that Mark Twain is a revolutionary writer and must use detail from an era to make the story unique he shouldn’t be considered racist. Their time period is set around the Civil War which was fought for abolishment of slavery. Huck to some people would be the argument for Twain’s racism, but Huck was raised from a boy by people with extreme hatred towards blacks such like Pap and Miss Watson. Even if bigotry was part of Huck’s attitude towards blacks it should be excused. Towards the end of the novel Huck encounters Aunt Sally who makes a remark towards blacks. She remarked that thank god no one was hurt ...

A Case Of Operation Management At Lotus Cars Commerce Essay

Operation direction is a portion of mundane life that includes the most general undertakings of modus operandi to proper sphere specific undertakings. In instance of companies confronting certain critical bottle cervixs in the smooth and efficient working of an organisation it is better to hold some proper tools to turn to the same. The paper tries to analyze how a company can travel approximately bettering its Operation Management.About the Company-Lotus CarsThe company under survey is Lotus Cars which is a British maker of athleticss and rushing autos. The company is based out of Norflock, England. The company is into doing autos of light weight features. The company has been recently seen negative growing and slack in its net incomes.IntroductionScheme is define as the concentration of a company into its nucleus competences ( by agencies of its hereafter program of action ) in order to derive competitory advantage.Strategy TypesThere are four stairss of scheme that are present in context of a house and its environment. The grade to which each will impact a company ‘s fight will change depending ( netmba, 2010 ) Industrial degree scheme These are the schemes at the degree of the industry like certain authorities related regulations and ordinances. Corporate degree scheme In this instance the scheme happens at the market degree whereby companies look at the overall market conditions and competitory intelligence. Business degree scheme Many organisations are mark with diverseness ( many concerns ) . These Business degree schemes is concern with designation of the markets by which each of the many concerns compete with each other and the size of competition involved. Functional degree scheme aˆ? A company competes in several markets and therefore each map needs to develop a scheme appropriate to each of these markets. Functional schemes concern puting in and developing the necessary capablenesss to convey this about. ( thinkingmanagers, 2010 )Functional Level Strategies within the Context of a FirmA company competes in a figure of market and therefore each undertaking needs to develop a scheme suited to all of these markets. Functional schemes concern invest in and lifting the indispensable capablenesss to transport this about. Functional scheme should be aimed at looking towards deriving a concern stableness section wise or concern units wise. ( 1000ventures.com, 2010 ) As it turns out the corporate scheme is the result of the functional scheme. Thus the former ca n't be achieved without the later as it is the functional scheme that binds the assorted constituents of the corporate scheme.Components of the schemes of a houseDefinition of Operations directionOperation s Management is one of the concern maps that oversee the procedure of planning, forming, co-ordaniting and commanding the procedure that are used in the production of the goods and services. It is one of the direction maps of the organisation and involves the direction of the people procedure, engineering and equipment and many other resources of the organisation. It is one of the nucleus maps of every organisation. ( managementhelp.org, 2010 ) The major function of the operations direction is to change over the inputs of the organisation into the goods and services as per the demands of the client. ( ocw.kfupm.edu.sa, 2010 ) These inputs may be in the signifier of resources ( work force ) , works installation, the procedure ( such as the equipment and machinery ) or in the signifier of stuff ( such as the information and the engineering knowhow ) . The consequences of these inputs are in the signifier of goods and services. The below figure explains the major function that the operations direction dramas. ( gyte.edu.tr, 2010 ) Performance Information feedback Customer feedback Examples of assorted operations direction maps are the motion of the passangers with their baggage from one finish to another and in infirmaries with its resources in the signifier of physicians, nurses, wardboys, operation theatre, etc for transforming a ill individual into a healtier individual. Thus is the the function of the operations direction to pull off and command all the resources of an organisation. Operations direction involves all the procedure from the design to the construct stage in the life rhythm of a merchandise or services. Thus it helps in the designing of the merchandise, make up one's minding on the resource that are required to carry through that design, the routing of the natural stuff, the agenda production of the occupation, decising on the procedure that is to be applied to do the merchandise, make up one's minding on the machinery, the tols and the fixture that are to be required, make up one's minding the layout of the works thereby takin a determination on the installation where the merchandise has to be made, direction of the stock list of all the degrees of the goods produced ( natural stuff ; , work in pogress and the finished goods ) , determination on the reviews and the certification of the good made. Thus in a manner the function of operations direction is to supervise and do certain that all the procedure of the company are adhered to while executing a undertaking. It is the client feedback and the public presentation information that are used as an input by the operation direction section to continually set its inputs thereby thrying to alter the end product as per the demands. Therefore the whole of this transmutation procedure in the operations direction is a really dynamic procedure. It is besides the function of the operation direction to add value to the good and services during the transmutation procedure. Value add-on is the procedure of increasing the overall value of the merchandise ( at the end product phase ) d uring the transmutation procedure. ( from the natural stuff to the merchandise ) Thus the greater the value that hjas been adde more if the productiveness of the organisation. Besides operations direction besides looks at bettering the efficiency of an administration. Efficiency for an administration is to carry through all the procedure good and at the most executable cost. ( scribd.com, 2010 )Model for reflecting Operations scheme issues in corporate determinationsCorporate AimsSelling SchemeHow to merchandises measure up and win orders in the market topographic pointOperation StrategyProcedure ChoiceOperationSchemeInfrastructureGrowthSurvivalNet incomeReturn on invested capitalOther fiscal stepsMerchandise markets and sections Scope Mix Volumes Standardization Vs customization Degree of Invention Leader Vs follower options Monetary value Quality conformity Delivery Speed Dependability Demand additions Color scope Merchandise scope Design Brand image Technical support After-sales support Choice of alternate procedures Tradeoffs embodied in the procedure pick Role of stock list in the procedure constellation Make or purchase Capacity Size timing location Function support Manufacturing planning and control systems Quality confidence and control Manufacturing systems technology Clerical processs Compensation understandings Work structuring Organizational constructionThe procedure for Operations ManagementThe stairss to associate operations to marketing with corporate scheme development are first by specifying the corporate aims. Then the links are required between aims of concern and corporate scheme. Link provides the base for set up clear, strategic manner for a industry and demonstrates all the strategic consciousness and strategic motive necessary to concern accomplishment. Link defines the limitations and symbols the parametric quantity next to which the assorted inputs could be calculated and dependability established. ( mitsloan.mit.edu, 2010 ) The 2nd measure is to find selling schemes to run into these aims and associating them closely to the in agreement corporate aims. The stairss are Market readying and pull off units should to be recognized. Analysis of merchandise markets place mark markets and O.K.ing aims for each The 3rd measure is to reexamine how dissimilar goods run into the standards in their single markets and win orders against rivals.Order Winners and QualifiersDetermining the Order Winners and Qualifiers for a peculiar market Qualifiers are those standard that a company must run into for a clients to even see it as a possible provider. Be every bit good as rivals. Order Winners are those standards that win the order.Basic Characteristics of the Order Winners and QualifiersGeneral statements about markets embody imprecise significances. A requirement for sound corporate scheme development ( that is, understanding by all on what markets the company is and should be in and the features of those markets ) is losing. Again Order victors and qualifiers are both market and clip specific. Usually Companies must separate the degree of importance for single standards for each market. Order victors and qualifiers and their comparative weightings will alter over clip. In the bulk cases, differences exist between the standards needed to maintain gettable clients and those wanted to add to market portion or derive possible clients. ( Stevenson, 2008 ) The following measure is to set up the appropriate procedure of Operations Management to fabricate these merchandises ( procedure pick )Quality as a strategic toolThe strategic significance of excellence excellence has emerge in conditions of strategic importance because of two incorporate factors: – The figures and capableness of new entrants into markets. Lee and Schniederjans ( 1994 ) province: The lone necessary chiropteran for fiscal laterality today and in the twenty-first century is merchandise or service excellence. Very good or category quality provides an company with the lone insurance that it can contend fruitfully whether it is American, European, or Nipponese. 2. The greater sum of pick that clients have Rivalry is fierce in today ‘s concern universe and merchandise quality is going progressively recognized as the first premier concern in many purchase decision. There are legion good publicized instances in which intense competition has been the alteration agent obliging companies to follow more advanced quality systems and entire quality direction to better merchandise quality.Tools of Operations Management that could be used at Lotus CarsThe assorted tools that are effectual in instance of Operations direction areWorld Class JITThe purpose is to extinguish waste such as record so that no has to pay anything for them and give a fast, consistent and stretchable answer to clients ‘ demands at least cost and with minimal dependance on stock list. Now the accent is on working together with providers so that together they can happen ways of enabling providers to fulfill your demands for frequent little batch bringings without the demand for extra stock list.Cardinal Elementss of JITExposing cardinal jobs and so seting them right one time for all, so that they do n't maintain repeating ( in contrast of merely in instance ) Endeavoring for simpleness, because simple procedures are less likely to do jobs and are easier to set right when they do travel incorrect. Reducing fabrication throughput times, efficaciously by utilizing cell fabrication and put up decrease techniques. Bettering supplier public presentation to halt stuff jobs interfering with your ability to fulfill your clients ‘ demand. Bettering quality, because short lead times and lower stocks mean that you no longer have the protection against things traveling incorrect that you have been used to in the yesteryear. Bettering labour flexibleness through cross-training, so that you can exchange people between undertakings to get by with the mundane ups and downs in clients ‘ demands ( Jay H. Heizer, 2001 )Cell ManufacturingIt is the procedure of grouping of fabrication installations into a production cell, in order to bring forth a household of parts which require a similar sequence of procedures. In this manner companies can cut the distance parts have to go during the fabrication procedure to an absolute lower limit.Attacking WasteThe assorted wastes that the company should be looking frontward to cut down are Waste from over production Waste of waiting clip Transportation waste Processing waste Inventory waste Waste of gesture Waste from production defectsReducing Lead TimessReducing lead clip every bit much as 50 % can be really easy. The key is to understand what is go oning, what takes the clip and what causes things to travel incorrect.Entire Quality Management ( TQM )TQM is based on the construct that all the stakeholders of an organisation should work together to accomplish continual betterment in the organisation ‘s civilization, service, procedure and merchandises The overall aim of TQM is client satisfaction through quality merchandises and services. This in bend will take to more demand for merchandises thereby diminishing monetary value and increase hostel growing both for the company and its employees Six basic constructs in TQM Engagement of the direction as the whole construct of TQM is based on continual betterment procedure which requires everybody ‘s engagement Customer centric focal point by listening to them and supplying them with the merchandises and services as per their demands. Engagement of the employment of the company by authorising them with determination doing procedure and delegating them with more duty Increase the quality of the merchandise and services by continual betterment of the procedure A strategic provider partnership based on common apprehension and regard Estimate the public presentation in order to analyse the consequencesBusiness Procedure ReengineeringIt is the agencies of re-engineering the assorted procedure that are being followed in the company thereby increasing the efficiency of the procedure, cut downing the cost and bettering the quality of its end product ( goods and services ) The whole construct of concern rhenium technology is based on inquiring some of the basic questions- ‘ Why are certain procedure in some peculiar manner? ‘ Operations direction is the key to follow the procedure of concern re-engineering in an organisation.Supply concatenation ManagementSupply concatenation direction is the procedure pull offing the flow of the information and the stuff to and from the provider of the natural stuff to the concluding client of the merchandise. The chief aim of the supply concatenation is to do the overall procedure in the organisation more efficient and full cogent evidenceProblems with Operations Managem ent in Lotus CarsThe major jobs with Operations direction are two creases Operationss Executives feel they must: Exercise accomplishment and experience in efficaciously get bying with the exacting and changing demands placed on operations direction Reconcile the trade -offs inherent in these demands as best they can Rarely do they see as an built-in portion of their function the demand to lend suitably to corporate determinations that will impact the demands on operations direction and its ability to supply the necessary market support. How Companies see Operations Management ‘s Contribution Companies besides usually reenforce operations executives ‘ accent on the short term operational facets of operations direction. Companies develop directors within operations direction. ( C. Donald J. Waters, 1999 ) At present Lotus Cars follows the procedure of production which is more based on the Numberss of the autos to be produced ( based on the demand ) . Its providers are required to provide the natural stuff based strictly on the production predictor. But the procedure is able to present merely a certain portion of the cargo of the units on clip.Recommendations for Lotus CarsThe few recommendations that the direction of a company can look into when finding their Operationss direction scheme arePlaningOperationss direction should be treated as a portion of an basic hierarchal concern planning construction which assures a tantrum between developed end and events and those of bigger companies.ProactivenessThe aptitude of a company to anticipate new procedures and engineerings and to set into pattern long term plan to obtain capableness in progress of demandsPattern of actionsThe experiential downpour of determinations or events of a company over a age of clip in 9 classs: capacity, installa tions, procedure engineering, perpendicular integrating, production planning and control, quality systems, organisation, work force, and new merchandise development.Portfolio of operations direction capablenesssThe portfolio of developed capablenesss reflects spirited strengths obsessed by the developed intent and their comparative significance. Generic fabrication capablenesss include: quality, cost, flexibleness, innovativeness and bringing public presentation.Plan of bettermentThe set of structured, time-phased, and evaluated actions which are implemented to better the fabrication capableness of the house. Examples include entire quality direction, group engineering, just-in-time, etc. Program typically involve wide worker engagementPerformance measuringThe systemic agencies by which operation direction is evaluate. Good quality public presentation dimension strategies are allied with strategic company ends so that public presentation which furthers those ends is methodically unbreakable. The recommendation for betterments in Operations Management as per the assorted procedure involved in Lotus Cars are The company can travel in for alternate fabricating units thereby run intoing the existent demand. This will once more assist in the addition in the efficiency and the effectivity of the single units of production. The company can besides look frontward to maintain a safety stock which should once more be about 20 % -50 % of the demand thereby cut downing its chance loss. But this might take to an increased stock list keeping cost. To get the better of this company can travel for the economic order measure based on the lead clip. Again the lower stock list degrees of the plastic polymers ( which have a batch of provider ) can counterbalance for the high cost of the other natural stuff involved in the production of the autos.Supply ChainIn instance of Lotus Cars the supply concatenation plays an of import function in doing its procedure more robust and efficient. Thus it requires proper informations and information flow across the assorted constituents of the value concatenation. This may assist Lotus Cars achieve a streamlined supply web. The major constituents of the supply concatenation in instance of Lotus Cars are its production section ( providers ) , the marketing/sales section ( internal ) and the distributers ( stop merchandises ) . The key to effectual supply concatenation is to organize a strong linkage between these constituents of the value concatenation. In today ‘s universe it should be remembered that it is non the companies that are viing any longer by the supply concatenation that is viing. Thus a good supply web would enable Lotus Cars to cut down the lead clip, cut down cost, and increase the bringing clip and quality of the merchandises. Lotus Cars can make off with its other activities and dressed ore merely on its nucleus competence which is production of Quality autos. The other activities such as distribution and logistics should be outsourced to companies that are specialist in the field. ( Krajewski, 2005 ) . The other option in the instance of the Lotus Cars is to accomplish forward integrating of its supply concatenation by coaction or unifying with its distributer.Tables showcase the suggested country of betterment for Lotus CarsQualityHow a company should see the procedure for effectual operations directionSituation at Lotus CarsQuality ManagementQuality is free It costs money to do quality Quality is controlled Quality is built inSQCQuality at the beginning is emphasized. Inspection at big Scoring, describing and measuring Credence sampling Statistical survey of fluctuations to understand causes Procedure controlTQCWorkers are on the topographic point problem taw Quality personal are responsible for quality jobsTQMPlaning oriented Control orientedStrategic quality directionFocused on broader systems, proactive to chances, large discoveries and little stairss Focused new merchandise development, reactive to jobs, large discoveries merely.Visually commandControl chart, poka-yoka Merely chartsPlant and equipmentHow a company should see the procedure for effectual operations directionSituation at Lotus CarsGroup TechnologyHighly used Loath to utilizeAutomationValued as it facilitates consistent quality Valued as it drives labour out of the merchandiseHouse Keeping5 ‘s ( Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seketsu and Shitsuke ) are used. Relatively untidy and disorganised work topographic point.DisplaiesLight shows to foreground problem topographic point. Not usedTPMPrevention outlook Preventive care Regular. M/c dislocation and tool failure must be eliminated. Corrective outlook Breakdown care Merely after failure. M/c break down is non serious because of stock listProduction SystemHow a company should see the procedure for effectual operations directionSituation at Lotus CarsManufacturing systemMake to order Kanban ( pull system ) Made to stock MRP ( push system )StandardizationCustomized end product Standardized end productSet upsLow set up clip High set up clipLayoutFlexible RigidMaterial Handling systemsFlow: usage of gravitation Less importantInventory SystemHow a company should see the procedure for effectual operations direction` Situation at Lotus CarsWaste decreaseInventory is an evil. It hides jobs that should be allowed to come up. Every attempt must be extended to minimise stock list. Inventory is an plus. It makes production turn overing along. It protects against prognosis mistake, machine interruption down, and late bringings.QueuesOnce in gesture, ever in gesture. Production should be merely in clip, No waiting lines of WIPs WIP are needed to be certain that machine use stays high.Lot SizesKeep cut downing the batch size. The smallest measure is desired for both manufactured and purchased parts. Keep revising the optimal batch size based on some expressionsBuyingHow a company should see the procedure for effectual operations direction Situation at Lotus CarsSmall batch buyinglittle LargeSupplier -buyer propinquityFrequent bringings Few bringingsSupplier choiceLong term Short termFew committed providersSingle beginning Multiple beginningComplimentary concernWork together to maximise the economic systems of carbon monoxide operation Reduce provider power, widen supply base, cut down purchaser power, widen client baseSupplier as interior decoratorLoose specifications, accent on public presentation Rigid specifications. Inventions are non encouragedMerchandise and PriceHow a company should see the procedure for effectual operations directionSituation at Lotus CarsMerchandise designInventions Imitations R & A ; D lacking: merchandise design depends upon what is available instead what the client demands Customer oriented merchandisePricing SchemeBelieve in long term additions, low borders ; sell high volumes at lower monetary value to do high net income. Strive for short term additions, sell at high monetary value to do high net income

Evaluation of Software Industry in Bangladesh Essay

Chapter-I: Introduction 1. Origin of the Study The MBA program of DIJ requires that each student complete an internship attachment period of at least 10 to 12 weeks with an organization and submit a report on the basis of it. Considering the fast pace of the software industry today, I am working one of the youngest and brightest organization in the industry, Hello Dacca, as my place of internship. There is a lot of speculation regarding the future of the software industry, in general. With the little bit of healthy competition that the industry had been lacking till now, it is no doubt that the consumers would soon egin feel its affect in the form of lower prices and more packages to choose from. However, it remains a doubt as to which companies would Just survive and which companies would thrive and prosper. Hence, I chose to carry out a comparative analysis of the prospects and challenges of software companies in Bangladesh, with particular emphasis on the future prospects of Hello Dacca Pvt. Ltd. 1. 1 Watershed of the Software Industry In 1955, the world’s first software company was formed in the United States. Now, more than half a century later the software market has entered a period of drastic change. Many information processing functions found in packaged software has been transferred to the Web, and the use of open source software (OSS) has become widespread. There are also strong signs that â€Å"Software as a Service† (SaaS) will assume a greater prominence. These developments go beyond a mere discussion of whether to charge fees or to choose between packaged software or contracted development, or to use open source or proprietary software; they have shaken the software industry to its very foundation. Will the software industry continue to develop as a high-tech industry, or will creative destruction occur and a new industry rows from the ashes? Perhaps the industry will disappear altogether and become just another business service like embedded software? Tim O’Reilly describes three long-term trends in the evolution of software: (1) commoditization, (2) network collaboration, and (3) SaaS 2. History & Definition of the Software Industry Software Industry consists of that part of computer programming activity that is traded between software-producing organizations and corporate or individual software consumers. Traded software represents only a fraction of domestic software activity, whose extent cannot be reliably estimated, since much computer rogramming takes place within firms and its value is not captured by the industrial census or software industry analysts. According to the industry analyst INPUT, in 2000 the U. S. market for traded software was $138 billion (Table 1). The U. S. software in the year 2000 were $259 billion, according to the trade publication Software Magazine. The traded software industry consists of three main sectors: programming services, enterprise software products, and shrink-wrapped software products. These three sectors became established in the mid-1950s, the mid-1960s, and the late 970s, respectively, in response to the technological opportunities and the business environment of the time. The most successful firms developed specialized capabilities that enabled them to prosper within their sector; however, this specialization made it difficult to move into other sectors, and very few firms have been successful in more than one software sector. It should be noted that the software industry is not confined to independent software vendors, but also includes computer manufacturers such as 18M, Unisys, and NCR who supply programming services and software products alongside their hardware offerings and are among he largest software suppliers. These are sometimes referred to as â€Å"captive† markets because computer users have relatively little choice in the supplier of basic operating software for corporate systems. 2. 1 Programming Service The first commercial electronic computers†usually known as â€Å"mainframes†Ã¢â‚¬ were sold in the early 1950s. They were very expensive, typically renting for $100,000 a year. Most computer-owning corporations undertook their own program development and operations, for which they maintained a staff of up to thirty or forty individuals. This was not a disproportionate expense in relation to the overall costs of unning a computer. By the mid-1950s, however, mainframe prices had fallen significantly, and computer use diffused rapidly†the national computer stock rising from 240 mainframes in 1955 to over four thousand by 1960. Owners of these more moderately priced computers were often unwilling to recruit a permanent programming staff, preferring instead to commission programs from software contractors. Many of the early programming services firms were established by programming entrepreneurs to satisfy this demand. The first such firm, the Computer Usage Corporation (CUC), was incorporated in New York in 1955 by two ormer IBM programming employees, and the firm initially specialized in developing technical applications for the oil and engineering industries. The capital barriers to software contracting were (and remain) very low, and it was often said that all one needed was â€Å"a coding pad and a pencil. † The most important capability was the technical knowledge of the principals, usually acquired through working with a computer user or manufacturer. Several dozen firms entered the programming services industry in the second half of the 1950s. In a majority of cases, the firms pecialized in particular technical applications, or within a vertical market such as financial services, retail, or manufacturing. A very different type of entrant came into programming services in the mid-1950s, specializing in the construction of very large programs that were beyond the technical capability of even the largest and most sophisticated users. The first firm of this kind was the Systems Development Corporation (SDC), a subsidiary of the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica. SDC was incorporated in 1956 to develop the programs for the giant SAGE air-defense system. more than a million computer instructions. SDC employed several hundred programmers, estimated at the time to be perhaps halfof the nation’s programming manpower. SDC also trained hundreds of individuals to become programmers. There was, however, a rapid turnover of staff, as experienced programmers left for more remunerative employment in the private sector. At the time, SDC was hailed as the â€Å"university for programmers† and it was said that in the 1960s, SDC alumni were to be found in almost every major software firm in the country. SAGE was a â€Å"real-time† system, in which the computer lay at the heart of an information system that esponded instantaneously to external events. As the U. S. government deployed more and more real-time defense systems in the late 1950s and 1960s, systems integrators such as TRW, MITRE, General Electric, Wasting house, Hughes Dynamics, and Lockheed began to develop expertise in software construction. Real-time technologies were hugely expensive to innovate but once established by the military, they quickly diffused into the civilian sector in applications such as airline reservations and on-line banking. When Europe and the rest of the world began to catch up in the 1960s, American independent software firms and the programming ervices operations of computer manufacturers had a strong first-mover advantage. By the late 1960s, the most successful of the start-up software contractors had become significant firms. For example, by 1967 CUC had 700 employees, offices in twelve U. S. cities, and annual sales of$13 million. CUC, and firms like it, now offered a broad range of computer services that went well beyond program writing. Another firm, the Computer Sciences Corporation of El Segundo, California, established in 1959 by five programmers to write software for computer manufacturers, grew to ecome one of the largest computer services firms in the world (which it remains, with revenues in 2000 of$9. 4 billion, and sixty-eight thousand employees worldwide). Nonetheless, giant firms are the exception and the programming services industry is remarkably lacking in concentration. By the late 1960s there were several hundred programming services firms, but less than fifty of them had as many as a hundred employees.

His profession made him think that the dead dont care Essays

His profession made him think that the dead dont care Essays His profession made him think that the dead dont care Essay His profession made him think that the dead dont care Essay Maryam A. Al-kaabi UNI200 Robin fetherson In his essay, â€Å"The Undertaking†, Thomas Lynch describes his profession as a funeral director in a small town. The number of years that Lynch has worked in the funeral business has given him enough knowledge on the issue of death. Many people think that funeral directors spend much time with the dead for them to care for the living. Lynch clarifies this, and he notes that much of the funeral directors work concerns the living. His favorite moments are when the person who was widowed tells him how much he or she appreciates the services offered – â€Å"Thank you, I couldn’t have done this without you (PBS 2)†. The dead are not there to thank or appreciate the person who is preparing them for funerals. They do not understand the important services that funeral directors offer. They do not understand the helplessness that their loved ones feel when they die. Therefore, Lynch concludes that the dead do not matter. The dead do not care, and because of this, they cannot help pay the bills, arrange and determine their own funerals, or even console and comfort those who they have left. He has observed several things while at work, and this has made him declare that the dead do not care. Lynch talks of how people die at any time. He says, â€Å"They die around the clock here, without apparent preference for a day of the week, month of the year; there is no clear favorite in the way of season† (Lynch 336). They do not have any choice in the moment they die. A person would probably prefer to die at a certain month, date, day, or even season. However, once a person dies, he or she has no recollection of such preferences. People can die at any time or any place. Death does not respect anyone, and it has a way of distorting a person’s plans. Someone might die earlier or later than he or she had anticipated. For instance, someone might have planned to die on a certain day, and when that day arrives, he or she looks for ways of dying, such as suicide. The suicide attempt fails, and the person is taken to the hospital, where he might remain for a long time. That person then dies at another date, which he had not planned. A person who has cancer or another illne ss considered terminal might give himself few months to live, but that person can get healed and he or she ends up dying of old age. Death does not respect a person’s preference or tastes. According to Lynch, â€Å"Being a dead saint is no more worthwhile than being a dead philodendron or a dead angelfish† (Lynch 337). In other words, once a person dies, it does not matter the contributions that that person made to the world. The dead person will not remember the funds he helped raise, the charities he supported, or the homeless people he helped when he was alive, for that is the duty of the living. The dead person will not remember the people he hurt and abandoned, the person he stole from, or even the person he killed. That is left to the memory of those who live, for the dead do not care. Some people live their lives in the service of others, while others live to fulfill their own ambitions, without any thought for other people. When these two people die, they do not care, since they are not in a position to do so. The living will remembers those who died based on how they lived. The saint will receive praise from the many people who will attend his wake. The person lived a happy and commendable life, and he helped many people in different circumstances. On the other hand, a thief might not receive as much praise. Few if any people will attend his funeral. The two contrasting situations demonstrate how those who are alive treat the dead. The situations demonstrate the level of care that those who are left behind show the dead. Despite this, those who are dead do not care. The thief does not care that no person came to eulogize him and offer him complements. The saint does not care that many people praised him and recognized his achievements. Lynch observes that, â€Å"There is nothing, once you are dead, that can be done to you or for you or with you or about you that will do you any good or any harm† (Lynch 337). However much a person was active when he was alive, he or she is of no use once dead. People cannot include dead people in their plans, since they do not have anyway of contributing. Many people attempt to praise those who are dead during funerals, and they do not do the same when the people are alive. What many people fail to understand is that the dead do not care of all the words spoken about the. The words have no way of reaching them once the people are dead. Lynch has worked with corpses for long. He has helped in preparing dead people for burial. In some circumstances, this has involved treating the bodies in different ways to make them more presentable. He has observed that however much he makes up the body, it does not do any good to the person who is dead, but it is often done for the sake of t hose who are living. They are the ones to see the body and live with the effects. The dead person does not care that his face appears distorted. He does not care whether he appears natural or made up. The dead person does not care, that he does not seem presentable. These things do not matter to him, for he is already dead. The dead do not care about revenge, since no one can harm them more at their state. They are already dead, and they cannot feel the pain. If the person died a bitter person and one who was angry at the world, these feelings do not matter. If the person died having many enemies, this does not matter to the dead person. He or she is not concerned with the friends or families that he left behind, they are the ones who are concerned about him. Lynch notes that although the dead do not care, they do matter. The people who are left have to bear with the consequences of death. As Lynch states, â€Å"I go for her- because she still can cry and care and pray and pay my bill† (Lynch 339). The dead do not care that the people they left behind cry for them. They do not care when such people are depressed or when they experience loneliness because they have been left by loved ones. The dead do not care when those who are left behind have financial difficulties or when they face other struggles in life, for that it the concern of the living. Lynch notes that, â€Å"When a death occurs, people feel so helpless, it’s good to have some of these things already invented† (PBS 3). However much dead people loved their spouses and partners, they cannot offer them enough words to comfort them. Those who are left behind mourn for the dead. In addition, they have to take care of the funeral expenses, such as paying the med ical directors. The dead might have cared previously, but this soon changes once they are dead. They cannot do anything much for their loved ones. Thomas Lynch describes his profession as a funeral director in a small town. This being a family business, he has done it for a long time, and he has come to have a clear understanding of his profession. He says that, â€Å"When you grow up in funeral service, you always have a job. But at some point it becomes more than a job† (PBS 2). Many people only think of funeral directors when they have to use their services. Therefore, they do not understand that it is a business and that someone has to do it. Lynch describes how, as a funeral director, he has to bury and cremate many people, who have died from his town. This has given him some experience in dealing with the death, the corpses, and families affected by death. People are affected significantly when someone they know and loves dies. Families who have lost loved ones want to ensure that the person receives a dignified send off, and they will often incur many expenses to achieve this. Despite all the efforts, the dead nev er know anything, and they are not in a position to approve or disprove anything. Through these experiences, he has come to learn that the dead do not care. People tend to spend a lot of money on funerals. They do everything to ensure that the dead is buried as he or she could have wanted. They go to the extent of borrowing money to cater for all the expenses. Some people are so concerned about their death when they are alive, that they start preparing early. They treat their death as one would treat a wedding. They locate the site to be buried, the music to be played during their funeral, and even the clothes they want to be buried in when they die. They take such measures to ensure that nothing goes wrong. They even arrange for transportation. People associate such actions with weddings and not funerals. People have become more accepting towards death. They no longer fear to talk about death and dying. Previously, these were taboo topics in families, and the one who spoke about them was frowned upon, since it was thought that he or she willed death on another person. Being comfortable with death has its own advantages, since in most ca ses; it prepares those who are left for the inevitable.

The History Behind the Presidents Resolute Desk

The History Behind the Presidents Resolute Desk The Resolute desk is a massive oak desk closely associated with presidents of the United States due to its prominent placement in the Oval Office. The desk arrived at the White House in November 1880, as a gift from Britains Queen Victoria. It became one of the most recognizable pieces of American furniture during the administration of President John F. Kennedy, after his wife realized its historic significance and had it  placed in the Oval Office. Photographs of President Kennedy seated at the imposing desk, as his young son John played beneath it, peeking out from a door panel, captivated the nation. The story of the desk is steeped in naval lore, as it was crafted from oak timbers of a British research vessel, HMS Resolute. The Resolutes fate became wrapped up in the exploration of the Arctic, one of the great quests of the mid-1800s. The Resolute had to be abandoned by its crew in the Arctic in 1854 after becoming locked in ice. But, a year later, it was found drifting by an American whaling ship. After a meticulous refitting at the Brooklyn Navy Yard, the Resolute was then sailed by an American naval crew to England. The ship, with great fanfare, was presented by the American government to Queen Victoria in December 1856. The return of the ship was celebrated in Britain, and the incident became a symbol of friendship between the two nations. The story of the Resolute faded into history. Yet at least one person, Queen Victoria, remembered. Decades later, when the Resolute was taken out of service, the British monarch had oak timbers from it saved and crafted into a desk for American presidents. The gift arrived, as a surprise, at the White House during the administration of President Rutherford B. Hayes. The Story  of H.M.S. Resolute The bark H.M.S. Resolute was built to withstand the brutal conditions of the Arctic, and the heavy oak timbers used in its construction made the ship uncommonly strong. In the spring of 1852 it was dispatched, as part of a small fleet, to the waters north of Canada, on a mission to search for any possible survivors of the lost  Franklin Expedition. The ships of the expedition became locked in ice and had to be abandoned in August 1854. The crews of the Resolute and four other ships set out on a dangerous journey over ice to meet up with other ships that could return them to England. Before abandoning the vessels, the sailors had secured hatches and left things in good order, though it was assumed the ships would be crushed by encroaching ice. The crew of the Resolute, and the other crews, made it safely back to England. And it was assumed the ship would never be  seen again. Yet, a year later, an American whaler, the George Henry, saw a vessel drifting on the open ocean. It was the Resolute. Thanks to its astoundingly sturdy construction, the bark had withstood the crushing ice. After breaking free during a summer thaw, it somehow drifted a thousand miles from where it had been abandoned. The crew of the whaling ship managed, with great difficulty, to sail the Resolute back to harbor in New London, Connecticut, arriving in December 1855. The New York Herald published an extensive front-page story describing the Resolutes arrival at New London  on December 27, 1855. The British government was informed of the find, and accepted that the ship was now, according to maritime law, the property of the whaling crew who had found her on the open ocean. Members of Congress became involved, and a bill was passed authorizing the federal government to purchase the Resolute from the private citizens who were its new owners. On August 28, 1856, the Congress authorized $40,000 to purchase the ship, refit it, and sail it back to England to present to Queen Victoria. The ship was quickly towed to the Brooklyn Navy Yard, and crews began restoring it to seaworthy condition. While the ship was still quite sturdy, it needed new rigging and sails. The Resolute sailed from the Brooklyn Navy Yard on November 13, 1856, bound for England. The New York Times published an article the following day which described the extreme care the U.S. Navy had taken in repairing the ship: With such completeness and attention to detail has this work been performed, that not only has everything found on board been preserved, even to the books in the captains library, the pictures in his cabin, and a musical-box and organ belonging to other officers, but new British flags have been manufactured in the Navy Yard to take the place of those which had rotted during the long time she was without a living soul on board.From stem to stern she has been repainted; her sails and much of her rigging are entirely new, the muskets, swords, telescopes, nautical instruments, etc., which she contained have been cleaned and put in perfect order. Nothing has been overlooked or neglected that was necessary to her most complete and thorough renovation. Several thousand pounds of powder which were found on board will be taken back to England, somewhat deteriorated in quality, but still good enough for ordinary purposes, such as firing salutes. The Resolute had been built to withstand the Arctic, but was not very fast on the open ocean. It took nearly a month to reach England, and the American crew found itself in peril from an intense storm just as it neared Portsmouth harbor. But conditions suddenly changed and the Resolute arrived safely and was greeted with celebrations. The British extended a welcome to the officers and crew who had sailed the Resolute to England. And even Queen Victoria and her husband, Prince Albert, came to visit the ship.   Queen Victorias Gift In the 1870s the Resolute was taken out of service and was going to be broken up. Queen Victoria, who apparently harbored fond memories of the ship and its return to England, directed that oak timbers from the Resolute be salvaged and made into a gift for the American president. The enormous desk with elaborate carvings was crafted and shipped to the United States. It arrived in a huge crate at the White House on November 23, 1880. The New York Times described it on the front page the following day: A large box was received and unpacked at the White House today, and was found to contain a massive desk or writing table, a present from Queen Victoria to the President of the United States. It is made of live oak, weighs 1,300 pounds, is elaborately carved, and altogether is a magnificent specimen of workmanship. The Resolute Desk and the Presidency The massive oak desk remained in the White House through many administrations, though it was often used in upstairs rooms, out of  public view. After the White House was gutted and restored during the Truman administration, the desk was placed in a ground floor room known as the broadcast room. The enormous desk had fallen out of fashion, and was essentially forgotten until 1961. After moving into the White House, First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy began exploring the mansion, becoming familiar with the furniture and other fittings. She discovered the Resolute desk in the broadcast room, obscured under a protective cloth covering. The desk had been used as a table to hold a motion picture projector. Mrs. Kennedy read the plaque on the desk, realized its significance in naval history, and directed that it be placed in the Oval Office. A few weeks after President Kennedys inauguration, the New York Times published a story about the desk on the front page, under the headline Mrs. Kennedy Finds a Historical Desk for President.   During the administration of Franklin Roosevelt, a front panel, with a carving of the Great Seal of the United States, was installed on the desk. The panel had been requested by President Roosevelt to hide his leg braces. The desks front panel opened on hinges, and photographers would snap the Kennedy children playing under the desk and looking out through its unusual door. Photographs of President Kennedy working at the desk as his young son playing under it became iconic images of the Kennedy era. After President Kennedys assassination the Resolute desk was removed from the Oval Office, as President Johnson preferred a simpler and more modern desk. The Resolute desk, for a time, was on display in the Smithsonians American Museum of American History, as part of an exhibit on the presidency. In January 1977, incoming President Jimmy Carter requested that the desk be brought back to the Oval Office. All the presidents since have used the gift from Queen Victoria crafted of oak from H.M.S. Resolute.

Research paper about Florence Nightingale Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

About Florence Nightingale - Research Paper Example Instead, she retired from public life to use her influence to campaign and promote educational schemes. Her impact was probably greater for choosing to influence policy rather than exercising power. Florence Nightingale wrote 200 books, reports and pamphlets after the Crimean War, which had a profound effect on army health, welfare in India, civil hospitals, medical statistics and nursing. Her greatest educational contributions were in the establishment of new institutions for the training of army doctors and hospital nurses, but some of her lesser-known educational schemes are illuminating. Florence Nightingale has been studied as a reformer, statistician, administrator and researcher, but studies of her impact on education have remained limited. The main history of Nightingale nurse training (Baly, 1986) ignores the broader context of Florence Nightingale’s educational views to focus on the often fraught administrative history of the early Nightingale School for nurses. It i s not surprising that there should exist many common threads uniting the various aspects of education with which Florence Nightingale was involved. Her own education and training had no outlet until the age of 31.

Reaction Paper (Political Psychology)- Perceptions & Attributions Essay

Reaction Paper (Political Psychology)- Perceptions & Attributions - Essay Example ons are not contrived in vacuum, but have a lot to do with the past held beliefs and prejudices, recent alterations motivated by the framing of political issues and the persuasion techniques used by the vested interests. Granberg aptly defines political perception as the â€Å"process by which people develop impressions of the characteristics and positions of political candidates, parties, and institutions (p.70).† I personally feel that political perceptions do play a vital role in determining outcomes and consequences in a democratic society. The perceptions of the masses towards political candidates and parties do often have a key role in the determination of the vital factors like the levels of satisfaction with the political institutions; trust in the state and the ensuing responses and actions by the citizens (Gadot, 2006). It seems that both the external features and the perceiver’s internal orientation tend to affect the ultimate nature and potency of such perceptions (Granberg, p.70). Moreover, an astute political candidate is often aware of the power that perceptions command in the overall process of the determination of the final political outcomes in a society. That is why it has been seen that political candidates do often tailor their messages to suit the audience they intend to address. For example, Lyndon Johnson often resorted to delivering fiery speeches, when faced with a highly stimulated audience (Granberg, p.71). Pragmatically speaking, political perception is an unpredictable entity determined and influenced by an array of factors that happen to be both subjective and rational at the same time. Still a thorough observance of the political campaigns facilitated by the developments in the digital media has established that persuasion by the political candidates does often have a crucial role in influencing the political perceptions. The paper by Iyengar establishes convincingly that the vantage point from which people perceive a particular

Michelangelos Pieta and Caravaggios Entombment of Christ Term Paper

Michelangelos Pieta and Caravaggios Entombment of Christ - Term Paper Example It is also noticeable that the lifeless arm of Marat was similarly depicted like the lifeless arm of the dead Christ carved by Michelangelo (Gardner, Kleiner, Mamiya 649) as well as the one painted by Caravaggio (De Pascale, J. Paul Getty Museum 37) thus the viewers can instantly observe the resemblance of the three artworks. The resemblance of David’s painting to the two earlier artworks may evidently show that he relied on the ability of viewers to link the Death of Marat to the Pieta and the Entombment of Christ to understand that the depicted characters died for a noble purpose and that is Christ for a religious cause while Marat for a political cause. The Founding Fathers of the United States chose and promoted the Neoclassicism as the national architectural style of the United Sates because Neoclassicism conveyed the political ideals of the Founding Fathers that is the Athenian democracy (Palmer 107, 108). This architectural style symbolized the end of colonialism in the United States and American democracy (Hopkins 90) at the beginning of the 19th century. An example of the Neoclassical architecture style is the Massachusetts State House. Fig. 1. G.E. Kidder Smith, Photograph of Massachusetts State House. Source Book of American Architecture: 500 Notable Buildings from the 10th Century to the Present. By G.E. Kidder Smith. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2000. 133.

Social Stratification Is A Sociological Phenomenon Sociology Essay

Social Stratification Is A Sociological Phenomenon Sociology Essay Social stratification is a sociological phenomenon in which people in the society are placed in different ranks with reference to same economic conditions. Normally, there are those of high standard and others of a low standard. Social stratification borrows classification from earth sciences and thus it refers to its classes as strata. The difference in economic characteristics of persons leads to domination of power by one group to another. Social Stratification is characterized by four core principles namely; Social stratification has been said to be transferable from generation to another. Every generation adopts the classifications that had been set by a generation that preceded. Social stratification is a societal characteristic and not an individual view. The society forms a uniform way of grading persons which is not a sole persons objective. Social stratification is said to be universal and also variable. Though this statement seems contradictory, it means that classification is uniform in a certain society but will vary when compared with other societies. Lastly, social stratification is not all about equality of persons, but also the beliefs that they hold. This means that social classes in the society are also based on common beliefs. The classification of the society into various ranks brings about inequality. In the western communities, social stratification adopts three key stratas; the upper, middle and lower class. It is due to these classes that inequality is developed. Those of upper class view themselves as superior and having more prestige compared to their counterparts in lower ranks. Therefore, sharing of common resources in the society is based on the stratification ranks. Inequality is a social evil that emanates from social stratification. Origins of the Social Stratification theory The above theory is said to have emanated from the Judaeo-Christian Bible which presents the social idea of the Greeks. Though the idea was not extremely straightforward at the beginning, it has gone through various transformations to the present day where it presents itself clearly. The sociological view of Social stratification and inequality Various sociologists have had different views and interpretations on social stratification. For instance, Talcott Parsons who was an American sociologist emphasized that stability of social stratas is partly influenced by universal values. On a different note, Marxism identifies unequal distribution of resources and limited mobility to be factors of stratified societies. However, numerous sociologists have had a uniform view with reference to the fact that the wealthy in the society control the political power. In such a case, the poor ought to submit to orders from the rich. Several sociologists had diverse views on the origin and form of the social stratification theory. Below are some of these sociologists and various discussions regarding each one of them. Karl Marx In his theory of Marxism, Karl asserted that social stratification in the society is based on the way people are related to the factors of production. In such, there exist two different categories of persons; those that own the factors of production and those who labor for the owner of the factors of production. The classification by Karl Marx seems to be inadequate especially in the current view of economics. This is because there exist various aspects of the present economy that have been left untackled by the Marxism theory. For instance; it does not provide accurate categorization as to productive, occupational and economic aspects of the society. Modern scholars of economics have said that the issue of social stratifications requires in depth classifications other than the generalized one provided for by the Marxism theory. In fact, theories behind social stratification need to draw a clear cut between the economic aspects of skilled and unskilled labor, owning and managing a bu siness and also between business and professional occupational roles. Secondly, the Marxism theory appears to be so generalized to an extent that it overlooks various vital social-structural phenomena that are o great influence in the society. These include ethnic affiliations, kinship and lineage affiliations. Modern sociologists have however not ignored these crucial aspects the way Marx did. Thirdly, the theory of Marx on social stratification seems to be so limited in defining the role of cultural factors in social classification. Cultural factors include legal practices, religious norms and scientific ideas among others. It is crucial to note that science has played a key role in maintaining social classes. In summary, Mar defined the relationship between people and property as the key aspect behind social stratification. Max Weber Weber was thrilled by the propositions of his predecessor, Marx, and hence he thought of making corrections to Marxs theory. Weber designed a model based on status, class and a more explicit and systematic differentiation with reference to social stratification. Unlike Marx who identified property to be the sole determining factor in social stratification, Weber identified status and class as additional factors. Weber build an interconnected model that would define the relationship between these three factors. Any of the factors can affect the other two, and in any case any of these factors can be replaced with another. In his model, Weber also did not cover several key influencing factors like education, ethnic and kinship factors. Below are the definitions that Weber gave to his three factors of influence; He defined class as an individuals economic position in the society with reference to birth and their personal achievement. Secondly, he defined status as the position occupied by an individual in the society as a result of their social honor, popularity and prestige. Weber also defined power as the ability of an individual to progress despite various factors offering resistance in the society. Wright Mills Wright sought to advance Webers thoughts on social stratification with no discrimination whatsoever. Similar to Weber, he identified power to be economic oriented but in addition to be influenced by political and military domains. Through his famous book titled The Power Elite, Mills brings out a clear connection between political power and social statas in the society. He asserted that the very power embodied persons occupy a certain class in the society. In order to keep themselves relevant in the society, the power elite tend to develop close ties in ideas, work and marital issues. To him, the power elite is clearly defined in education institutions whereby the persons of the high status group attend prominent schools thus preparing them for high class tertiary schools. Conceptual model to Social Stratification A conceptual model for the current nature of social stratification ought to be multidimensional. It should have considerable measurement techniques and be flexible to accommodate various ideological biases. There appears to be two factors that have led to the resistance of such a conceptual model. These are ideological and methodological oriented. Looking at ideological issues, we find sociologists who still hold on to the traditional ways of classifying people. They want to maintain definitions that are simple clear and self explanatory. However, simple definitions have proved to be incompetent in the current nature of society that presents changing and complex situations. With reference to methodology aspects, scientists have had fear of exploring a multidimensional concept because they fear the complex resources and methods that could be involved. The more differentiated a model is, the more involving it will be in terms of equipments needed to analyze and the processes that will be involved. New ideas have not been explored by sociologist researchers who have committed themselves in exploring simple models hence there is still a lot to be explored. Studies by the Hindu caste society show that there is a necessity for a multidimensional model. Various dimensions of stratification are closely related to one another but this does not mean that they are not exclusively autonomous. For instance, such dimensions as power, prestige, income and education are in a way related to one another. However, in some cases, it can be noted that power is independent of the other factors. In fact, in certain circumstances, power may be attained irrespective of occupational prestige. Again, a certain level of education grounds may not be strong enough if not accompanied by money. The key role of a multidimensional model is to address issues of interdependence and independence of social stratification factors. Key dimensions of Social Stratification Power As defined earlier in this paper and with reference to Karl Marx, power refers to the ability to pursue goals despite resisting factors. Power will be addressed with reference to size and various natures of societies. The degree of division of labor in the society is related to the way typical social classes will be formed. Power exists in two diverse forms; legitimate and illegitimate and hence there cannot be established a direct relation between power and social stratification. Occupational prestige The various productive roles in the society are accorded different level of prestige. It has been evident that though societies may be different, there will always exist a similarity in the way they accord prestige to various occupations. For instance; some professions like law, medicine and pilot are given a high level of prestige because they are associated with good amounts of money. The vaiability of the way occupations are valued is dependent on the way the society values those occupations. Therefore, it is vital to note that prestige accorded to various occupations will differ with reference to the values of the societal setting. Income/Wealth Wealth plays a extremely significant role in social stratification. Whether earned or inherited, wealth will impact the type of class that a person will occupy in the society. Various profession and business roles in the society offer diverse opportunities in accumulating wealth. Sometimes, the so high ranked roles have proven to accumulate low wealth when compared to low prestige roles. Looking at the example of a professional doctor who uses intellect and professionalism to accumulate his wealth yet he may not gather a lot like a bandit. The latter can accumulate in one night, money equal to that a professional doctor earns in an entire month. When money is used as the determining factor in social stratification, business and professional roles lack relevance. Social stratification on basis of income influences to a significant extent other dimensions of societal classification. For instance; the level of education gained by a person may be determined by the relative amount of income they have. Disposable income has also not been left out in studying how it influences social stratification. Family and ethnicity The status of kinship groups and family lineage plays a vital role in determining the social classes in the society. Not once and not twice have persons been seen as wealthy and hence prestigious because their fore fathers were wealthy. The role played by a family in the society in terms of monetary contribution and influence holds a significant support as to why it holds a certain class in the society. The class occupied by a certain family in the society determines the social class it occupies and hence the kind of treatment they will be accorded by the entire society. Family and ethnic position do not however hold a one to one relationship in far as social stratification is concerned. Local community status Individuals and families do not live in isolations or in islands in the society. Their day to day activities are influenced by norms set by the nature of the community. Families and individuals by extension are given placed under certain social classes due to the way the society operates. The position of local community in the society is determined by the nature of influence it has on the entire community. Modern Stratification Systems In the contemporary world, there exists three key systems of stratification whish are; slavery, the caste system and the class system. Despite various laws disregarding slavery, many people in the world today live in conditions that can be classified as slavery. Slavery is still eminent in nations such as Ghana, Benin and Mauritania among others. Also, Asia has been mentioned numerously for prevalent cases in sex slavery. Caste System The above is a social system that is based on characteristics and traits those persons posses as virtue of their birth. These traits include body type, race, gender and age among others. The caste system is said to be a rigid one. This means that it assigns various unchangeable castes to persons which cannot be varied. However, persons have in various situations tried to change their ascribed statuses by lying about their age, changing nationality or performing plastic surgery but not at all times do these attempts yield positive results. Class system Class system classifies persons with reference to statuses that they have earned and not those that they were born with. Persons born in a certain social class can choose their careers, education level and spouses. The class system is characterized by social mobility nature. Social mobility refers to the act of moving either up or down the various social strata. Conclusion Every society has various classes that are generally assumed by members of the society based on various factors. Common held belief in the society model the way a society sets up these classes. Most common factors that determine classification are education and knowledge, power, prestige, and religion among other factors. Sociologists have formed various theories to address the determining factors of social stratification though no one theory seems to have provided comprehensive coverage. Every society exhibits unique factors and believes, but there exists a close relationship between the way these diverse factors influence social stratification.